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Law is a system of rules created and enforced through social or governmental institutions to regulate behavior, with its precise definition a matter of longstanding debate. It has been variously described as a science and the art of justice. State-enforced laws can be made by a group legislature or by a single legislator, resulting in statutes; by the executive through decrees and regulations; or established by judges through precedent, usually in common law jurisdictions. Private individuals may create legally binding contracts, including arbitration agreements that adopt alternative ways of resolving disputes to standard court litigation. The creation of laws themselves may be influenced by a constitution, written or tacit, and the rights encoded therein. The law shapes politics, economics, history and society in various ways and serves as a mediator of relations between people.
Legal systems vary between countries, with their differences analysed in comparative law. In civil law jurisdictions, a legislature or other central body codifies and consolidates the law. In common law systems, judges make binding case law through precedent, although on occasion this may be overturned by a higher court or the legislature. Historically, religious law influenced secular matters, and is still used in some religious communities. Sharia law based on Islamic principles is used as the primary legal system in several countries, including Iran and Saudi Arabia.Law's scope can be divided into two domains. Public law concerns government and society, including constitutional law, administrative law, and criminal law. Private law deals with legal disputes between individuals and/or organisations in areas such as contracts, property, torts/delicts and commercial law. This distinction is stronger in civil law countries, particularly those with a separate system of administrative courts; by contrast, the public-private law divide is less pronounced in common law jurisdictions.Law provides a source of scholarly inquiry into legal history, philosophy, economic analysis and sociology. Law also raises important and complex issues concerning equality, fairness, and justice.

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  1. G

    Is this Flue safe and legal

    Hi Im buying a new house where the boiler flue goes out the kitchen and into the conservatory, and then curves up and out the conservatory roof so it terminates outside. However, is it safe and legal to have the flue going into the conservatory like this? Is it still servicable? Can it be made...
  2. J

    whats a landlords legal obligation regarding solid fuel appliance.

    doing a cert today and came across open fire in front room 3x 4 room no ventilation to outside. loads of soot staining outside flue hood and gaps above it. i advised agent of this aswell as ID 'ing his chaf brittany t 2 for cracked heat exchanger. agent has spoken to landlord who has...
  3. M

    Legal advice thread

    I've just had to ask a solicitor for a bit of advice and it occurred to me that we may be able to share our little bits of knowledge, with the caveat that it could only be for general advice as all situations vary. Maybe this could eventually become a sticky? My situation is - I was called...
  4. S

    Gas Pipe under ground floor crawl space is this legal?

    I am about to have CH installed. I have about a 1 meter crawlspace under the floorboards downstairs (dirt floor/ air bricks). I would like to go from the front of the house under the living room to the kitchen and up where the boiler is to be situated as opposed to having an outside gas pipe...
    • Skittery
    • Thread
    • about boiler different floor gas gas pipe ground legal pipe space under
    • Replies: 13
    • Forum: Plumbing Jobs | The Job-board
  5. C

    Is it a legal requirement for businesses to annually certify their gas appliences?

    We are moving into commercial catering and cant get a straight answer from gas safe...they have replied directing us to different clauses and points but not actually confirming if it is a legal requirement for businesses to get their appliences checked annually - anyone know?
  6. L

    Shared water supply, installing individual supply (legal)

    dear plumbing experts, as the title suggests i presently have a shared water supply to my leasehold flat, shared with 1 other flat directly below by a straight vertical supply pipe from the ground to the 2 flats run within boxing on the inside corner of both flats, accessible by vents. i have...
  7. T

    "IS DIY GAS LEGAL? " Well I don't like this.

    "Diy gas work is not illegal, BUT, the law does require that only competent people may work on gas appliances" - Well I thought competence was defined as "being a member of a class of persons approved by the health and safety executive."(or some such legal garble) Perhaps I have taken that out...
  8. N

    Neighbours Flue over the Boundary

    Hi, I've just bought a property and am currently having work done to the place as it was in a bad state. I wish to rebuilt the current side garage for use as habitable room, however my neighbours bolier flue over hangs it. I tried to contact the neighbour by knocking on his door and so did my...
  9. D

    Legal assistance/advice for an unhappy customer.

    Hi, I'm looking for advice from anybody who has experienced a similar situation and/or knows what may be a good route to take... I was contacted by a landlord in October, requesting a quote to re-paint his house that is due to be rented out again before the tenants move in. When I quoted it...
  10. A

    Is this legal?

    Is running LPG pipework allowed like this? i was in a caravan last week and this was at the back of the van draped through the bushes. I havnt done LPG so just wandering if they have different rules.
  11. C

    What are the actual legal requirements for supplementary bonding under gas boilers?

    Does anyone know what is legally required regarding electrical bonding to pipework under the boiler. There was a guy caught illegally fitting a gas boiler in this months PHARM magazine, one of the things HSE did him for was a lack of bonding, didn't say where it was missing from, I am assuming...
  12. A

    Unbelievable Landlord..what to do next...?

    Hi, dont know where else to turn... OK my daughter is living in a group of flats, the landlord, who has bodged loads, today went upstairs,yanked a blocked toilet out of the wall and allowed the contents to cascade down into her flat. Believe it or not there is a grid ceiling to her flat, Im...
  13. A

    Gas work notification

    I've been out of the game for a couple of years after having surgery on my knees and am thinking of going back on the tools. Is there still a legal requirement to register an installed appliance with corgi/gas safe for local building control and if so how many people actually use it. After...
  14. M

    Shower pump under bath? Is this legal?

    I think if i remember correctly, the last time i heard, you were not allowed to install anything electrical under the bath. Is this right or wrong? I know lots of people do install them under the bath. And, i cannot seem to find the answer on the net. Thanks for the help guys
  15. P

    disconnecting reconnecting gas cookers

    is it legal for a householder to disconnect a gas cooker bayount to clean behind and to reconnect same cooker
  16. N

    Is this legal?

    Ive been called to fit a gas fire in a house the the owner is having his upstairs chimney breast removed. But he's still planning keeping the chimney breast downstairs, with a flue liner. He wants the flue liner to come out of the side wall of the house level with where the chimney breast...
  17. P

    flue issue - novel but legal solution needed!

    hi have just bought a house with an Ideal Mexico 2 upright boiler that flues to the side of the house. when we first looked at the house the side of the house had been fitted with a lean to roofed area - kind of a poor man's conservatory! - however when we asked the sellers to have the boiler...
  18. H

    Duty of care

    I was asked my advice on something today, I wasn't sure my answer was correct and i'd appreciate your views on it. A young lad has just finished his level 3 plumbing nvq and holds his acs tickets in boilers, water heaters, fires and cookers. The plumbing firm he works for isn't gas registered...
  19. J

    Is this legal?

    system is fully pumped with one 2 port valve on central heating side only. some funny looking pipes on the other side of cylinder trv on flow and 15mm to the cylinder? I do not know if this trv on the flow is even legal, I thought there was no valves on the flow and what would you do...
  20. F

    Is this plumbing in our loft legal? (pictures included)

    Would really appreciate your thoughts on the quality of this plumbing and whether you consider it to be sufficiently weather proof, bearing in mind this is in the loft and the cold weather we've been having the last few winters. I have a few lay persons questions: 1. Is it true that all...
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