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packing

In geometry, a sphere packing is an arrangement of non-overlapping spheres within a containing space. The spheres considered are usually all of identical size, and the space is usually three-dimensional Euclidean space. However, sphere packing problems can be generalised to consider unequal spheres, spaces of other dimensions (where the problem becomes circle packing in two dimensions, or hypersphere packing in higher dimensions) or to non-Euclidean spaces such as hyperbolic space.
A typical sphere packing problem is to find an arrangement in which the spheres fill as much of the space as possible. The proportion of space filled by the spheres is called the packing density of the arrangement. As the local density of a packing in an infinite space can vary depending on the volume over which it is measured, the problem is usually to maximise the average or asymptotic density, measured over a large enough volume.
For equal spheres in three dimensions, the densest packing uses approximately 74% of the volume. A random packing of equal spheres generally has a density around 64%.

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  1. N

    Leaking stopcock without packing gland

    Hi, as you can see pictured I have a stopcock without a packing gland. Over the past few days my cistern inlet was suffering from an airlock and it was hammering constantly after filling. I turned off this stopcock, drained all the pipes, turned the taps back off and then let the water back...
  2. M

    Re packing stop tap loctite

    To repack a stop tap gland with loctite 55. Are you best having the stop tap open before you back the gland off to repack? I have always done it with the stop tap off. Thanks
  3. J

    Shower panels - do they need packing behind for fixtures?

    Hi all, I'm due to fit my first shower panels on a corner shower tray. The customer has chosen Mermaid Elite boards. I'll be using a centre profile for the panel corner. Later, I'll be fitting the usual shower enclosure, riser rail, soap holder and grab rail. Should I pack the space between the...
  4. I

    Radiator shutoff packing

    I cut the old leaky coal boiler out of the system over the summer. It was piped in parallel with the oil fired boiler. Since cutting out the coal boiler I've had to close some of the rad valves as the rooms closest to the boiler were getting too hot. After removing the paint and getting this one...
  5. C

    Malfunctioning Lockshield Valve???

    First time posting so thank you for any help in advance. I can't seem to open what I believe is a Lockshield valve, turning anti-clockwise and will not budge. I'm trying to turn the spindle in the centre. Never had a radiator before and not entirely sure that is the issue is there something...
  6. G

    Sealing a stopcock open

    Hi all, I've got a leaking stopcock that because of its age/disrepair I can't open up to repack. I also can't easily remove and replace it because of a really tricky location. I'm planning on putting another stopcock in-line with the first to avoid removing the first, but that still leaves me...
  7. J

    really old stop tap

    Hiya all, I'm doing some plumbing for a friend. I found what appears to be her stoptap, on lead pipe coming into the property via the outside toilet (does that sound right? I've only seen them under sinks previously). I tried to turn it off. It turned, though not where I expected - see arrow...
  8. O

    thinking of packing it in !

    thinking of packing in plumbing and finding somthing else ! im a tradesman and although a "baby" i know i am a tradesman at heart working with my hands but you cant make money from this anymore ! and it just gets worse and worse ! while prices go down and down the fees and crap you have to...
  9. J

    Vaillant Turbomax Main Heat Exchanger Leaking at Connection

    I have a Vaillant Turbomax 828E which has developed a leak at the Main Heat Exchanger Tube connection point. Question if anyone can help : Is it normally just the packing ring which has failed or could it be wear / corrosion in the Heat Exchanger Metal ? Your help is much appreciated .
  10. B

    Stop Tap Gland packing

    Hi all, I'm an amateur DIY plumber. I like to have a go at simple things in the house myself, to save money, and usually do ok following a bit of research, common sense and a bit of swearing! A new one on me though....my internal Stop Tap/Cock is leaking from up between the spindle and the...
  11. L

    Manual Radiator Valve

    Good Evening Can anyone help me with a place where i might be able to buy a manual radiator valve similar to the one in the picture. It is connected to a chrome finish towl rail. The tail coming up is 15mm going into a brass bush which connects to what i believe is a 1 inch valve. The pipe just...
  12. G

    Tap spindle gland packing

    I am restoring some old taps and I cannot buy plumbers string any more for the spindle glands. I am thinking of using cotton string soaked in either water pump grease or Castrol CL which is waterproof. Has anyone any other, preferably better, ideas please? Also the spindles are not worn...
  13. D

    Leaking lockshield gatevalve

    Heys guys, looking for some help with a job i got today. The problem i'm having is that as soon as i open the valve, water leaks from the spindel. Normally easily fixed by re-packing the gland with PTFE. But these valves don't have gland nuts. There are a few of them throughout the school i'm...
  14. S

    Stripped packing nut

    Hi - Looking for some advice, I am trying to replace a washer in a faucet to fix a drip, and the outside of the packing nut has been stripped pretty badly. Any suggestions? I have tried a pair of Channel Lock pliers, but that seems to be making it worse! Should I just replace the whole...
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