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Language isolates are languages that cannot be classified into larger language families with any other languages. Korean and Basque are two of the most commonly cited language isolates, but there are many others such as Ainu. in Asia, Sandawe in Africa, and Haida in the Americas.
A language isolate is a language that is unrelated to any others, which makes it the only language in its own language family. It is a natural language with no demonstrable genealogical (or "genetic") relationships—one that has not been demonstrated to descend from an ancestor common with any other language.One explanation for the existence of language isolates is that they might be the last remaining branch of a larger language family. The language possibly had relatives in the past but they have since disappeared without being documented. Another explanation for language isolates is that they developed in isolation from other languages. This explanation mostly applies to sign languages that have arisen independently of other spoken or signed languages.Some languages once seen as isolates may be reclassified as small families if their sister languages are judged to be sufficiently different from the standard to be seen as languages rather than dialects. Examples include Japanese, which is now considered to be in the Japonic language family with the Ryukyuan languages, and Georgian, the main language in the Kartvelian language family. There is a difference between language isolates and unclassified languages, but they can be difficult to differentiate when it comes to classifying extinct languages. If such efforts eventually do prove fruitful, a language previously considered an isolate may no longer be considered one, as happened with the Yanyuwa language of northern Australia, which has been placed in the Pama–Nyungan family. Since linguists do not always agree on whether a genetic relationship has been demonstrated, it is often disputed whether a language is an isolate.

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  1. C

    Can't isolate outside tap

    I have been trying to turn off my outside tap for winter. When I turn the valve under the kitchen sink, it fails to stop the outside tap from running. This valve does seem very stiff. I am assuming I have to turn the value clockwise since if I turn it anti-clockwise it actually starts dripping...
  2. E

    Can’t isolate shower

    Hi All, this might be a repeat because I’m not sure my first post worked…. I’ve just bought a house with a built in mira915b. The airing cupboard is right behind it so very accessible. The flow valve is playing up and I want to remove it so I can change o-rings and grease it but I can’t isolate...
  3. E

    Isolate shower to service valves

    Hi All, new here and need some help. I’ve just bought a house with a built in Mira 915b shower. The valves are playing up so I want to remove them to put new o rings and grease on. Trouble is I can’t isolate the water to it. Hot is fed from the cylinder and the feed has a gate valve which is...
  4. PennilessFatherOf4

    URGENT Isolate cylinder from system boiler

    Hi plumbing hives I’m wondering if someone could provide some advice (please!!!!!). I have an issue that my system boiler pressure is constantly over pressurising. The boiler manufacturer have sent an engineer out he says the boiler is fine (it’s only 15mths only). The suggestion from the...
  5. gb17342

    isolate radiator change to change leaking valve?

    Hi all, I need to replace this valve as it's dripping even when turned off so presume its old and worn out. How do I isolate the water supply to it? When I open it slightly water comes out a lot so if I take the valve off completely to replace it do I just need to quickly get the new one on and...
  6. D

    How to drain heatline boiler Monza 24.

    Hi I need to replace the pressure gauge on the boiler and needed some help on how to drain/isolate the water in the boiler first. Help would be greatly appreciated! Thank you.
  7. E

    How to isolate the boiler and drain it

    Hi, Could anyone advise how I can isolate a valliant combi boiler from the rest of the central heating system so that I do not have to drain the whole system down please. I have a plate to plate heat exchanger that is slightly leaking and want to just give it a check. Image below of my setup...
  8. M

    How to isolate hot water from unvented cylinder to change tap

    Hello all, To start off I'm not g3 qualified. I have been reading around about unvented cylinders imploding in some situations when cold water to them is isolated and hot water tap is opened, often in an attempt to reduce the pressure in the system to carry out some repair on a hot water...
  9. H

    Isolate hot water in unvented pressurised system

    Hi, I need to turn off hot water in bathroom. There are no isolation valves from unvented indirect pressurised tank in loft. Turning off mains to house stops hot and cold water upstairs, but the hot in kitchen still continues to run (but at reduced pressure). But when I turn mains back on...
  10. R

    Do these regulation valves also firmly isolate pipe work?

    Hi. Will this crane regulator valve act as an isolation valve too allowing for alterations? Many thanks.
  11. falable

    Is it possible to use jg speedfit pipe and fitting, to replace small section of copper?

    hi, so we had tried to fit an isolation valve into copper pipe that came close from the mains supply, but i'm not proud of it. we had to leave the mains water valve at half pressure or else the fittings would leak/pop off. It was my first attempt at plumbing and i assumed i could easily move the...
  12. C

    How to safely isolate Main Combi 24 HE Boiler

    Hello, I'm a new flat-owner and plumbing novice. I've never had a combi boiler before. I need to change the cartridge in my shower-room tap (a single lever mixer), which has started leaking. I've done some investigating and so far: 1. It seems that this tap is on another cold water line to...
  13. E

    Isolate water supply to shower attached to comb boiler

    Just in time for a happy new year, we have discovered a leak in our loft where a shower was installed. It looks like it is leaking from a plastic fitting on pipe work - I want to isolate the supply until I can get it looked at/replaced etc. I have attached some photos to my post to give an idea...
  14. D

    Isolate water to heating interface unit (HIU)

    Hi there. I'm trying to work out how to isolate the water in my flat, so I can fix a leaking shower tap. My flat has a heating interface unit (HIU), which is being fed by various pipes - see photo. I'm not sure though what pipes I should / can isolate to stop the flow, can anyone provide any...
  15. Sanjay Savani

    Can't isolate radiator

    I have a valve on the feed/return of the radiator and i cant shut it off. The trv end shuts off but all my radiators have this (as shown in pic) on the other side which i cant isolate with to change radiator. Help please do i need to drain the whole system to remove one radiator?
  16. M

    Isolate boilers?

    Currently on a council roofing contract were access to properties is an issue, I'd personally like all the boilers isolated (vertical flues) whilst the roofers are doing there business. When we struggle to get access they think it's fine to just start anywhere and have the flues checked as soon...
  17. B

    How to isolate hot water circuit from boiler?

    Hi how can I temporarily isolate the hot water flow from a Combi, so that I can perform maintenance on a tap that has no service valve leading up to it?
  18. D

    Lead pipe please help

    have a lead pipe coming into my back toilet it is not our supply of water so we cant turn it off. Its beemn cut off and is still leaking ive cramp it with plyers but isn't doing the trick. Anyone please advice thanks in advance
  19. S

    Isolate a vented hot water cylinder

    Hello guys, This is my first post so apologies in advance for any of my ignorance. I have got 2 vented 105 litres in-direct hot water cylinders installed, out of which I would like to isolate 1 to save cost in heating both. All I wanted to know if the steps below are right to isolate it. 1...
  20. U

    Very slow water meter movement no leak to be found

    Hi All I am hoping you can give me a bit of advice. I recently noticed my stop tap is very tight, so I tested the tap out in the road. All ok and stopped water supply. However I noticed the 0.0001 dial was moving every so slowly when tap was back on, I guess many would have missed it. I have...
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