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A branch, sometimes called a ramus in botany, is a woody structural member connected to but not part of the central trunk of a tree (or sometimes a shrub). Large branches are known as boughs and small branches are known as twigs. The term twig often refers to a terminus, while bough refers only to branches coming directly from the trunk.
Due to a broad range of species of trees, branches and twigs can be found in many different shapes and sizes. While branches can be nearly horizontal, vertical, or diagonal, the majority of trees have upwardly diagonal branches. A number of mathematical properties are associated with tree branchings; they are natural examples of fractal patterns in nature, and, as observed by Leonardo da Vinci, their cross-sectional areas closely follow the da Vinci branching rule.

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  1. S

    Multiple Sinks on horizontal branch?

    Long time listener, first time caller. I am finishing my basement but the one area I lack confidence is plumbing. I am looking to verify if what I have planned is acceptable. Framing is complete - The bathroom wall shares a wall with a wet bar on the other side. I have a 2" stack coming...
  2. D

    Adding soil stub stack to existing branch external to internal detail

    Morning all, as always can never find an exact existing thread / discussion where I don't feel like I'm making one too many assumptions. Can I get a quick sense check on the below, always wanting to work 1 step ahead, eventually planning to add an en-suite to my existing loft conversion. Got...
  3. C

    Marley 95 degree Branch question please

    Hi folks, Attached photo of Marley 95 degree branch. Could anyone in the know let me know if the collar at the bottom where it enters the concrete floor of my bathroom is a separate piece please? Directly below the branch is a Salt glaze pipe, am I right in thinking that collar at bottom of...
  4. B

    Lead pipe split at branch

    Hello PFM's, I have a proper nightmare and need some old skool advice. Tenement Job I was taking out an old copper riveted hot water cylinder and associated lead work and must have knocked the pipe beside as there was a crack at the tee seeping water possibly from the communal tank. I threw...
  5. B

    Replace elbow with Corner branch svp

    Hi everyone, I’m a kitchen/bathroom fitter and have a job coming up where the customer has had an extension built and added another bathroom which backs onto the existing bathroom. the existing svp comes up in the corner of existing bathroom then runs horizontally to the toilet in a 1m high box...
  6. J

    Shower waste into WC waste branch

    Hi Guys, Can anyone advise if there are any regulations against running a shower waste into a WC waste branch before entering the soil stack? I have checked BS 6700 and cannot find anything relating directly to this. The client wants to put a shower cubicle in the cupboard located next to the...
  7. P

    Arranging and venting a waste pipe branch

    I recently got ground floor piping extended to have drain, hot and cold in a first floor room. Only the pipes are there, but I'd like to install a sink and a washing machine as from the diagram. Note that the washing machine will be at a higher level, because it will be placed on a riser...
  8. J murton

    Advice for adding a branch into my existing stack

    hello Would like some advise on how to connect a new toilet to my existing stack. I currently have one toilet upstairs but plan to run a new waste for a new downstairs toilet. I know I have more than enough space to run the waste but my question is what is the easiest way to put a new branch...
  9. B

    Fittings to branch into cast soil pipe?

    I would like to add another WC about 2m to the right of existing WC. The existing soil pipe has only one WC (coming out the wall straight into the soil pipe) and is a straight vertical cast iron 4 inch pipe with a vent at the roof. My plan is to go out the wall with the new WC and then go down...
  10. D

    3 radiators on 15mm branch?

    I was wondering whether it would be a good idea to replace some 15mm pipe with 22mm. I currently have 3 radiators on a single 15mm branch. Small, medium and large, approx 10,000BTU's at 50C in total. The room with the large radiator is always cold in the Winter, partly due to insulation but...
  11. P

    WC branch pan connector

    Hi. I've got a situation where there is a soil pipe passing through a bathroom and turning 90 degrees through the wall to a pan in an adjacent en-suite shower room. The client wants to put a close coupled wc in the bathroom on the same wall that the soil runs along and connect it into the...
  12. T

    Cutting in 4” time saver branch

    i have a 4” soil stack with a cross branch at ground floor level to take two separate toilets, with the vent going to the roof. Can I cut in a 4” branch to take an upstairs toilet on the first floor?
  13. K

    I'm not old enough to know about this bath waste branch.

    There I am getting my bathroom replaced, when I find out just why my old bath was set so high off the floor. The branch to the soil stack stands about a foot off the ground. It has the feel of lead, but on scratching with a key it has the hardness of iron. The house was built in the 60s, if...
  14. jaydebruyne

    Cast iron stack (shared waste system)

    Gonna be doing a job soon, the guy wants a 2nd toilet fitted to be connected to the existing toilet before it exits to the stack directly on other side of the wall. New toilet will be in bathroom to left of cloakroom and pass through a utility room before it reaches toilet in cloak room...
  15. R

    Minimum distance of branch pipe from top of stack

    Hi, I'm connecting a 110mm branch pipe to the main stack the top of which is in the loft (sealed with a air admission valve) however the likely connection point will be about 20 inches from the top of the stack. Is there a minimum distance from the top of the stack any branch connections...
  16. E

    amateur....any help appreciated-combi and rennai water heater

    Hi there I wondered if you could help? I'm currently piping up the central heating for my Mum and she's already got the combi boiler a while ago which is an ideal vogue 40kw (so she is out of time to return). We're on a very limited budget as its a big renovation which is why we're doing the...
  17. M

    Tapping into a curved soil pipe.

    Has anyone any idea how i can run a shower waste pipe into a curved waste pioe under the floor. All the boss strap type connectors only seem to be designed to fit straight soil pipes. Thanks for any help... Keith
  18. G

    advice - adding/modifying soil pipes in bungalow

    Hi - first post here. I came across the forum while looking for advice and it seems to useful - I hope you may be able to offer me some advice? I'm a pretty capable DIYer. I've installed 4 kitchens and 3 bathrooms in previous houses and upgraded our first house's central heating. All using...
  19. R

    Williams & Co Harrow to be branch #31

    We are delighted to announce that our next branch will be in Harrow, in North West London. Legals are now completed on the building at Unit 9, Whitefriars Ind Est, and our fit-out team will be starting work in the next few days. Here's a quick look at the building. I wonder who the...
  20. M

    Water flowing in tee branch

    Is it ok to have cold water flowing in to a tee branch then splitting of both ways?
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